Submissions

Author Guidelines

Requirements for article submission

Articles in English or Ukrainian are accepted for consideration. The articles in English are published in priority order after receiving positive reviews and accepting.

The manuscript can be sent to the editorial office of the journal only if the following basic conditions are met:

• the research was conducted with the highest standards of care and conscientiousness;
• the manuscript is original and has not been published anywhere else, including by the authors of the manuscript;
• the work has not been submitted anywhere else and is not reviewed with any other publication;
• the work does not contain defamatory, defamatory or illegal statements;
• the permissions to use third-party materials are provided;
• confirmation of consent has been obtained from all specified persons or organizations;
• authorship was agreed prior to submission, and no one was “gifted” with authorship or refused to be credited as an author (ghostly authorship).

If your research is published and we find that any of these conditions have not been met, we may take action in accordance with COPE guidelines, which may result in one of the correction notices, or we may remove or revoke the article.

The article submission for publication to the journal editorial office executed via mail or personally and must contain the following documents:
1) cover letter (formatted according to the template: https://goo.gl/RKjRnU) from the organization where the work was performed (or the author's letter in an arbitrary form); 
2) the paper formatted by the template: https://goo.gl/NAWyKF ;
3) information about authors formatted by the template https://goo.gl/rnW4N3, containing the title of the article, as well as for each author: his / hir last name, first name (full), academic degree, academic title, and academic honors, awards, position, affiliation, postal address of the workplace, home address, e-mail, office, home and mobile phones, as well as specify with whom to correspond.
A set of files must be sent to the editorial office by e-mail or via regular mail on USB storage device and should contain: 
- electronic version of the article in Microsoft Word 97-2003 .doc format, completely identical the printout;
- information about authors in the Microsoft Word 97-2003 .doc format;
- images in a tif graphical format with resolution not less than 300 dpi;
- color photos of the authors (3 cm x 4 cm, 300 dpi) in files with names of the authors in the jpg format.
Submitting a manuscript to the journal authors confirm its compliance with all established requirements and ethical norms of the journal, and also certify that they own the exclusive copyright to the article, that it has not been previously published and submitted for consideration to the other journals and conferences, and does not contain information, prohibited to be published in an open press.
Articles that do not meet these requirements will not be considered and should be rejected.

Peer Review and Editing Process

All articles undergo a two-stage blind peer review by the editorial staff and independent reviewers - the leading scientists on the profile of the journal.  This process involves the following.

• First, the editors consider all manuscripts to assess their compliance with the journal subject matter and requirements. Only those manuscripts that meet the standards of the journal, and fit within its aims and scope, will be sent to expert reviewers.
• Following the decision of the editors, the manuscripts submitted are sent to the external experts in the corresponding field. The manuscript passes double-blind peer review, neither the authors nor the reviewers know each other.
• Reviewers' comments are transmitted to the authors, together with possible recommendations for the manuscript revision. 

In case of article inconsistency with the journal requirements or in case of presence of editors and reviewers comments the Editorial Board informs author about rejection of article or sends the article materials to the author for revision. Author sends a modified version of the article and response to reviewers' comments to the editorial office after article revision.
The duration of peer review process is from two weeks up to six months. In average typically it requires one month.
The editorial board reserves the right of literary and typographic editing and shortening the article text without notifying the author. The journal editor is independently responsible for deciding which of the articles submitted to the journal should be published, guided by the results of double-blind per review and the COPE principles. Arguments about the importance of this work to researchers and readers should always support such decisions. The editor may be guided by the policy of the editorial board of the journal and be limited by applicable legal requirements in relation to such matters as defamation, copyright infringement and plagiarism. The editor may consult with other editors or reviewers in making these decisions.

The duration of paper editing and typographic processing excluding peer review is from one till to six months.

Manuscripts and information carriers will not be returned. The editorial office does not send the article proofs and reprints to the authors.

Requirements for article formatting

The Editorial board takes into consideration articles in English, or in Ukrainian languages. The volume of the article should be not less than five and not more than fifteen full-filled pages.
Page parameters of Microsoft Word file:
– paper size – A4 (210 mm x 297mm);
– orientation – portrait;
– page margins: left, right and bottom - 2 cm, top - 1,5 cm;
– headers and footers: from the edge to the header - 1.5 cm, from the edge to the footer - 2 cm;
– columns: for UDC, authors, article title, abstracts, and keywords the number of columns is 1, for the remaining sections of the main text: the number of columns is 2, width is 8,25 cm, the interval is 0,5 cm;
– font: headset – Times New Roman, the main text - 10 points, the title of the article - 14 points, the text in the cells of the tables - 8 points,  zoom - 100%, character spacing – normal;
– line spacing is single;
– page margins – all of 2 cm;
– paragraph indent: for the main text is 0.5 cm, for the section caption, for the table cells text, and for the formula is 0 cm.
The section captions should be bold, the Latin variables should be italicized.
It is forbidden to use other text highlighting (bold, italic, underscore, capital letters, discharge, etc.), except those, which provided by these rules.
Before the caption of each section, before the formulas in and after the separate lines, one empty separate line provided before the table name, before and after the table, before and after the figure, and after the figure caption.
Formulas should be typed using the Microsoft Equation 3.0 editor built in Microsoft Word. 
Formula options:
- style: symbols - mathematical, signs, brackets, operations and functions - text;
- symbol size: full - 10, subscript/superscript - 8, sub-subscript/sub-superscript - 6, symbol - 14, sub-symbol - 10;
- style options: matrices and vectors - bold, variables - italic, other styles - italic and bold;
- intervals - by default.
Manuscript pages should be numbered.
The article should be divided into sections that should not contain subsections.

Requirements for article structure

The title, authors, abstract and keywords must be given in the English, and Ukrainian (only for citizens of Ukraine) languages.

Recommendations for article writing

The article structure must contain the following items:
1) UDC (Universal Decimal Classification) number according to the tables issued by UDC Consortium (http://www.udcc.org).
2) The article title should be concise, clear, informative, expressive, reflect the content of the article and to attract the reader's attention. The maximum title length is 10-12 words. Only the standard abbreviations can be used and and it is not desirable to use formulas here.
3) The list of authors contains the surname and initials of each author in the nominative case, his (her) academic degree and academic rank, position and place of work, the city and country of residence. Names of co-authors can be listed in the free sequence.
4) Abstract is a brief and accessible for the nonspecialist characteristic of article in terms of its purpose, content, type and form which allows to determine the main content of the article, to determine its relevance and to decide whether to refer to its full text. The abstract should be informative, meaningful (reflect the main content of article and results of researches) and structured (reflect logic description of the results in the article). A structured abstract should contain the following headings (in bold): Context, Objective, Method, Results and Conclusions (here described scientific novelty and practical significance). It should contain a general description of the research topic and the problem being solved, the object, and the aim of scientific research, description of the method of research, the description of scientific novelty and practical significance of the work, the main results and conclusions, the importance of the study, the contribution of paper into the corresponding field of knowledge. The subject, the theme and the aim of the work are mentioned if they are not clear from the title of the article. The abstract should not repeat the text of the article or its title. It is also should not contain numbers, formulas, tables, intratextual footnotes, references and abbreviations. The recommended average volume of the abstract is 300 words (approximately 1800 characters).
5) Key words reflects the basic meaningful content of the article, serves as a guide for the reader and used to search for articles in electronic databases and refereed journals. Key words are selected from the text of article in an amount of 4-10 words or collocations and should reflect the article’s area of science, the subject, the purpose and the object of the study.
The title, authors, abstract and keywords are given in three languages: English, and Ukrainian (only for citizens of Ukraine).
6) Abbreviations is a list of abbreviations alphabetically ordered (first in English, then Greek, then Cyrillic). The list is presented as a table, which left column contains the abbreviations, and right column contains an explanation of their meaning. 
7) Nomenclature is a list of mathematical symbols and designations alphabetically ordered (first in English, then Greek, then Cyrillic). The list is presented as a table, which left column contains the symbols, and right column contains an explanation of their meaning. Notation and definitions must be unambiguous, easy, intuitive, standard, concise and elegant.
8) Introduction briefly (no more than one page) disclose the nature and the state of scientific problem (task) in general, as well as its importance and connection with scientific and practical tasks,basis and initial data for the theme development and justification of the study. The urgency (the degree of importance in the current situation at the moment) and appropriateness of the article for the development of the relevant field of science or production briefly justified by the critical analysis and generalized comparison with known solutions of the problem. The object of study (process or phenomenon, generating a problematic situation and chosen for the study) and the subject of study (contained within the object) are described. The aim of the work and tasks that need to be solved to achieve this aim are formulated (usually these statements starting with verbs: to develop, identify, justify, etc.). Introduction gives background information about the theme of the article that will enable the reader to understand and evaluate results of the present study without further using of other literature sources, and also it describes gaps and contradictions in the current problem researches.
9) Problem statement (of about half a page) gives a clear formal mathematical formulation of solved problem: contains the source data (input variables) and the desired results (output variables), results quality evaluation criteria and constraints, necessary definitions. This section should not contain any analysis or interpretation of data and research.
10) Review of the literature contains theoretical core of the study. It briefly (no more than two pages), critically describes, evaluates and summarizes the work of predecessors (such as publications, which have begun to solve this problem, as well as recent publications), outlines the main stages in the development of scientific thought about the solving problem, highlights the unsolved part of the overall problem and determines the place of the article in solving problem, justifies the choices of research areas. This section clarifies, concretizes, complements and extends the material of introduction and serves as its justification and explanation.
11) Materials and methods is a statement of basic theoretical material of research with full justification of received scientific results. General technique of research is described here in detail, so that the results can be reproduced. Here it is described the sequence of the research, substantiated the selection of methods and models, presented the essence of the proposed methods and models and it is meaningfully determined what have been studied by each method. Selection of research methods should provide the accuracy of the results and conclusions, reliability and validity of the results. The theoretical information should extend rather than repeat the information contained in the introduction and in the literature review. Theoretical article describes the methods and analytical models of calculations and considered hypothesis. The experimental article describes the principles of operation and characteristics of the developed equipment, the  building principles of experimentally obtained models, and the methods of estimation of measurement errors. Previously published methods are listed with reference to the source only. The article describes in detail the proposed changes only.
12) Experiments: succinctly describes the general scheme of experiments, used equipment and the source data, so that any competent specialist could reproduce experiments in his laboratory, using only the text of the article.
13) Results is a representation of experimental or theoretical data obtained in the paper, demonstrating that the new problem solution is obtained, and that the work is a significant step forward in comparison with the previous studies. Data should be presented in the processed form (tables, graphs, diagrams, equations, photographs, drawings) with a description of that is shown in the illustrations, short summarizes comments and statistical estimates. The results should be presented clearly and concisely, with sufficient information to assess the reached conclusions. It should be obvious why the analysis of these data are selected. This section describes only the facts and analysis. The Interpretation and comparison with analogues should be described in the "Discussion" section. Theoretical papers include the results of research carried out by such methods of cognition as abstraction, synthesis, analysis, induction, deduction, formalization, idealization, modeling: firstly, the substantive provisions and ideas must be formulated, which will be further analyzed, with the subsequent conclusion. The empirical articles use a variety of theoretical methods, mainly based on practical methods of measurement, observation, experiment, etc. The articles based on computational work must specify the type of used finite element, boundary conditions and input parameters.
14) Discussion includes analysis, interpretation, and evaluation of reliability and significance of the results, but does not repeat them. Obtained results are compared with similar results of other authors. Here are explained the similarities and differences with other studies, specified the limits and also here it is proposed the practical application of the results and the appropriateness of further research is justified. The discussion should be more theoretical, generalizing, abstract in comparison with the results.
15) Conclusions contains a brief (no more than one page) formulation of solved scientific problem (task), the most important received scientific and practical results that helped to solve a scientific problem, conclusions and recommendations on scientific and practical use of the obtained results, and also a description of the prospects (directions) for further research in this area. Scientific novelty of the results should be arranged as argued, briefly and clearly. Each scientific principle is formulated to determine the degree of novelty of the results (firstly obtained, improved, received further development), main essence of the principle, and differences between the obtained results and the previously known, indicating an effect that achieved (which allows to increase / decrease ...). Applied results (devices, techniques, schemes, and algorithms) can not be attributed to scientific novelty. Practical significance of the results describes how to use research findings or recommendations for their use. Conclusions should contain achieved qualitative and quantitative indicators of research, as well as recommendations for their use.
16) Acknowledgements express appreciation for the financial, organizational and technical support to individual people (listed by names indicating the position and organization) and organizations, and also reflect the article connection with the research projects, grants and scholarships (indicate the subject and the registration number of research work, as well as a source of funding).
17) Appendices, if it is necessary, provide additional material (intermediate proofs, formulas and calculations, auxiliary data tables). The title of the appendix shows that this material is appendix. If there are two or more appendices they must be numbered with capital letters. In this case, formulas, figures and tables in the appendices are numbered with the number of applications (for example, the formula (A.2) – the second formula in Appendix A, Table. B.1 – the first table in Appendix B). The editors have the right to use the appendices for article reviewing, but do not to publish them.
18) References contain a bibliographic description of the sources used in the preparation of the article. It is presented as numbered list of bibliography references in the original language in the sequence of appearance of references in the text (so called Vancouver Numerical System). Only works that have been cited in the text and published or accepted for publication (in the latter case, after describing the source lead phrase "in press") included in the list of references only. Unpublished works can not be included in the reference list, but may be mentioned in the text (described in the footnotes). Bibliographic description of sources make using reccommendations and examples of description  https://goo.gl/H9tzxC in accordance with current standards for librarianship and publishing (http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=43320, http://www.ifla.org/files/assets/cataloguing/isbd/isbd-cons_20110321.pdf, http://www.ifla.org/files/assets/cataloguing/isbd/isbd-examples_2013.pdf). Titles of journals should not be abbreviated. Numbers of references should be given in the article text for all the sources listed in the reference list. All sources listed in the reference list, In the text should be given reference numbers. In case of presence, bibliographic description of each source must be accompanied by its Digital Object Identifier (DOI), which provides a space after the bibliographic description of the source (to find DOI use www.crossref.org). The bibliography should be correct (corresponding results should appear in a related article), accurate (correct number and page numbers, etc.), modern (describe recent advances in the investigated question) and historical (reflect the history of the question study), available (should not contain references to unpublished or unprintable works). It is recommended to compile a list of references to at least 10–12 sources, of which at least 70% should be to sources in English, and the share of the authors' own works in the list of references should be no more than 25%. At least 30% of the total number of sources should be published over the past five years. The share of articles in journals and conference proceedings should be at least 50% of the list of references. It is advisable when the list of references is compiled to give a preference to sources in English or English translations of foreign-language sources, as well as to sources having DOI and indexed in the Scopus and / or Web of Science scientometric databases. 
19) Transliterated references  is a complete analog of references and performed by Latin transliteration of the original language. References to English-language sources are not transliterated. Transliteration of the Ukrainian language in Latin script is executed on the basis of Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine № 55 dated January 27, 2010 (http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/55-2010-%D0%BF) or by the DSTU 9112:2021. Transliteration of the Russian language in Latin script is executed – on the basis of GOST 7.79-2000 (ISO 9-95) (http://protect.gost.ru/document.aspx?control=7&id=130715). It is recommended to use the automated tool of transliteration http://translit.net.

The text of the manuscript should not have handwritten corrections and notes. Discrepancies with the electronic version of the manuscript are not allowed. Article should not contain grammatical or other errors, and should correspond to the journal topics and to the requirements for specialized scientific publications.
The text of sections should be as simple as possible. The article should avoid unnecessary details, the intermediate formulas and conclusions; should not to bring the known facts and not to repeat the contents of tables and illustrations in the text. It is not recommended to highlight the author's accents.
The text should correspond to the writing standard: in English - http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html, in Ukrainian - https://mon.gov.ua/storage/app/media/zagalna%20serednya/05062019-onovl-pravo.pdf. 
Point should not be made after the article title, section headings, table names, and dimensions (s – second, g – gram). Point is placed after the footnotes (including tables), table notes, brief annotations and abbreviations.
Abbreviations of numerals: in the English text after variable use a hyphen and 'th' (for example, i-th).
Spaces are always placed between the initials and surname (for example: A. Ivanov). Abbreviations of multiple words are separated by spaces. Between the number or paragraph sign and the number the space used (for example, № 1, § 5.65). Units are separated from number by a space (for example, 100 Pa, 77 K, 10.3 A), except degrees, percents, per mille: 90°, 20 °C, 50%, 10‰. Quotes and parentheses are not separated by spaces from quoted words. In enumerationas as well in numerical ranges the dimension should be given only for the last number (18-20 J/mol), except for the angular degrees. Angular degrees are never omitted: 5°-10°, rather than 5-10°.  Celsius degrees: 5°C, instead of 5 °.
All units and dimensions shall be given in the International System of Units (SI).
Numbers less than 11 must be written as words. Numbers greater than 11 and numbers less than 11 united with them in a single sentence must be written as digits. For numbers written with units the digits should be used only. All numbers in the mathematical sense must be written using digits. The integer and fractional parts of numbers in Russian and in Ukrainian texts separated by the comma, and in English by the point. Decimal fraction less than one must always be preceded by a zero (for example, 0.123). It is advisable not to start sentences with numbers.
Ellipsis in mathematics is used to show the continuation of the expression, for example:
1) x₁, x₂, …, x_n; 2) x₁ + x₂ + … +x_n; 3) i = 0, 1, 2, …, K.
Lists must consist of more than one item. The number with a bracket or with a point must be placed before each list item, or without numbering the hyphen is used. If the list items continue sentence they must be separated by semicolons. The colon before the list is used after generalizing word and each element begins with a small letter. If the list items are the individual sentences, each of which begins with a capital letter and ends with a period.
Footnotes should be used only when it is really necessary in the form of brief notes that do not fit conveniently into the text. Footnotes can not define abbreviations. 
References to literature should be numbered consecutively in the text and identified by numbers in square brackets (for example: [1, 3-7]) and entered manually without using the built-in automation capabilities of the text processing software.
References to figures and tables should be typed with a space (for example: Fig. 1, Table. 2). The numbers with letters in the notation should be typed without spaces (Fig. 1d).Illustrations (figures and tables) are placed directly after the text, where they are referred for the first time, or on the next page. All illustrations should be referenced in the article. The number of figures and tables should be not more than five to seven and the total volume not more than two or three pages. If the article is accompanied by a large amount of illustrative material, it is published a fragmentary. The author puts it in full at Internet website and the link to it puts in the text of a paper. Graphic illustrations must comply with standards of "Unified system construction documentation" (http://vsegost.com/Catalog/47/4712.shtml) and "Unified system for program documentation" (http://vsegost.com/Catalog/28/28346.shtml).
Figures (black and white or grayscale) have to be placed are placed in the text, sequentially numbered and signed below, for example: "Figure 1 - The name", and additionally contributed in a separate files in tif format with a resolution of 300 dpi. Each file must contain only one image and have a name like Fig_ #. tif, where "#" is replaced by a figure number. The figure size must not exceed the width of the page (17 cm) or the width of the column (8 cm). The inscriptions on the figures must be performed using the font Times New Roman of 10 pt size. Figure captions should include an explanation of graphic and text designations and should be included in the text, not into graphical files. If a particular figure consists of fragments, they must be marked with letters without brackets (a, b, c, etc.) and presented on the same page. The references to them have to be given in the text with an indication of a lowercase letter next to the number of a figure without space and brackets (for example, Fig. 1a, Fig. 2b).
Tables laconically represent numeric or factual information in a grid format. Tables created using the capabilities of MS Word (Table / Insert Table), placed in the text, numbered sequentially and captioned at the top (for example, "Table 1 - Name"). The references to tables in the text must be given with the number (for example, Table 1). Typically, the table contains at least two rows (including the column headings), and two columns. Otherwise, the information can be better represented as a list. Units should be given in the column headers, and not repeated for each record in the table body. A table containing graphics (e.g., arrows in the flowchart) is probably better considered as drawing, although sometimes the drawings can be embedded into a table (e.g., chemical structures). Tables typed as a text (using a large number of spaces, without using cells) can not be used.
Formulas should be placed directly after the text in which they addressed and typed using the Microsoft Equation 3.0 editor built in Microsoft Word. Formulas are numbered in parentheses on the right side if they are referenced in the text. Large size formulas have to be written in a several lines. Variables in the text and formulas italicized if they are presented in Latin letters. Greek letters and symbols of operators and functions (min, max, sin, cos, tg, ctg, etc.) should not be italicized. It is prohibited to use Cyrillic letters in formulas and mathematical notations. Explanation of symbols and values of the numerical coefficients that are included in the formula must be given in section "Nomenclature". Small-sized formulas without numbering and individual mathematical symbols in the text of the article are typed without the use of the equation editor.
The numbering of figures, formulas and tables in the article text is sequential at on one level.