INFORMATIVE PARAMETERS OF DYNAMIC NONSTATIONARY OF CARDIOSIGNALS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15588/1607-3274-2018-1-3Keywords:
quantization of cardiac signal speed, spectral nonstationarity, wavelet transform, cardiac signal transformation, correlation of wavelet spectra.Abstract
Contex. Modern electrocardiography, in spite of qualitative improvement in hardware and data processing capabilities, for today haspractically exhausted a resource of reception of the additional diagnostic information. In the article an attempt is made to create a new method
for processing electrocardiograms based on the use of the ECG signal model, which takes into account the piezoelectric effect in some
biological tissues and cell connections (blood, vessel walls).
Objective. Probabilistic justification of the possibility of forming fundamentally new informative diagnostic features, which uses the
time-frequency correlation between two wavelet spectra of the ECG signal and its linear transformation. Method. As such a model is used the additive model of the potential of the cardiac muscle (induced electric field) and the piezoelectric
potential of the blood-vessel system caused by myocardial contraction. To isolate the influence of the induced potential is proposed a method
of linear transformation ECG signal. This method has a high sensitivity to local spectral nonstationarity. Wavelet transform is used to
implement this method. The coefficient of normalized inter-spectral correlation (CNIC) is proposed as a quantitative indicator of the spectral
nonstationarity of the ECG signal. The developed mathematical apparatus in the work is used for the analysis of two electrocardiographic
signals: conditional norm and with the consequence of myocardial infarction.
Results. As a result of the calculated CNIC, the possibility of a quantitative difference of these states with a sufficiently high statistical
reliability is shown. The basic result of the work is a probabilistic justification for the possibility of forming fundamentally new informative
diagnostic features using the time-frequency correlation between two wavelet spectra of an ECG signal and its linear transformation. High
sensitivity and information significance of correlation diagnostic features are confirmed by examples of discrimination of parametrically
inhomogeneous ECG signals.
Conclusions. Main results of the study: the spectral non-stationarity of the cardiac signal has been confirmed theoretically and
experimentally; The functional interrelation of the spectral nonstationarity of the ECG signal with the effects of quantization of the rate of its change is obtained; A method for the parametric determination of the coefficient of inter-spectral correlation was developed, which makes it possible to quantitatively describe the dynamics of the local spectral changes in the cardiac signal for the tasks of automatic express control and diagnostics of cardiac states and carried out its approbation.
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